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Table of Contents
- Verb Te-form、…
- Verb Nai-form + で、…
- Verb Nai-form + で、…
🔘 32. Expressions Using Verb Te-form
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Check the brief grammar notes and examples below for your review.

Grammar Note
⚫️ Verb te Form, …
meaning : with the situationVerbて (1) Verbます(2)
It means that you do something (2) with the situation of Verb (1).
mado [o] akete ne-masu.
( I completed the action of opening a window, and I sleep in that situation. )
megane [o] kakete hon [o] yomi-masu.
( I completed the action of wearing glasses, and I read a book in that situation. )
denki [o] tsukete nemasu.
( I sleep with a light on. )
shīto-beruto [o] shite unten shi-masu.
( I drive with wearing a seatbelt. )
kyō [wa] yuki-na-node, bōshi [o] kabutte dekake-mashita.
( It was snowing today, so I went out with wearing a cap. )
Verb Te-form Verb-ます
compare
ongaku [o] kiki-nagara benkyō shi-masu.
( I study while I’m listening to music. )
It means that one person does 2 actions at the same time.
( for more details → 22-3 )
⚫️ Verb ないで、…
meaning : without the situationVerbないで (1) Verbます(2)
It means that you do something (2) without the situation of Verb (1).
watashi [wa] kōhī [ni] satō [o] irenai-de nomi-masu.
( I drink coffee without sugar in it. )
kyō [wa] atatakai-node, jaketto [o] kinaide dekake-masu.
( It’s warm today, so I’ll go out without a jacket. )
Verb Nai-form で Verb-ます
⚫️ Verb ないで、…
meaning : do … instead of …Verbないで (1) Verbます(2)
It means that you do something else (2) instead of doing something (1).
eiga [wa] minaide kōen [e] iki-masu.
( I go to a park instead of watching a movie. )
pan [wa] tabenaide gohan [o] tabe-masu.
( I eat rice instead of bread. )

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Look at the English sentences and try to say them in Japanese. Click “answer” to check the correct sentence and practice with the audio.
I eat Sushi with putting Wasabi on it.
I always sleep without turning off the light.
I bought shoes instead of clothes.
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