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Table of Contents
- i-Adjective Conjugation
- na-Adjective Conjugation
- Adjective(-te) Adjectiveです
- Adjective(-te)、できません
🌙 2. Adjective
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Check the brief grammar notes and examples below for your review.

Grammar Note
⚫️ i-Adjective Conjugation
| Present Affirmative | -いです -idesu |
| Present Negative | -くないです -kunaidesu |
| Past Affirmative | -かったです -kattadesu |
| Past Negative | -くなかったです -kunakattadesu |
| te Form | -くて -kute |
atsui-desu
( It is hot. )
atsu-kunaidesu.
( It isn’t hot. )
atsu-kattadesu.
( It was hot. )
atsu-kunakattadesu.
( It wasn’t hot. )
irregular
ī-desu
よくないです
yo-kunaidesu
よかったです
yo-kattadesu
よくなかったです
yo-kunakattadesu
よくて
yo-kute
⚫️ na-Adjective Conjugation
| Present Affirmative | -です -desu |
| Present Negative | -じゃありません -jaarimasen |
| Past Affirmative | -でした -deshita |
| Past Negative | -じゃありませんでした -jaarimasendeshita |
| te Form | -で -de |
shizuka-desu.
( It is quiet. )
shizuka-jaarimasen.
( It isn’t quiet. )
shizuka-deshita.
( It was quiet. )
shizuka-jaarimasendeshita.
( It wasn’t quiet. )
⚫️ Adjective (-te) Adjectiveです
meaning : It’s Adjective and Adjective.“-te / -de” connects adjective and adjective.
i-Adjective
くらい + さむい
くらくて さむいです。
kura-kute, samui-desu.
( It’s dark and cold. )
na-Adjective
しんせつ + まじめ
かれは しんせつで まじめです。
kare [wa] shinsetsu-de, majime-desu.
( He’s kind and hardworking. )
⚫️ Adjective (-te)、できません
meaning : It’s Adjective, so I can not do …“-te / -de” shows the reason why you can not do.
atsu-kute, taberare-masen.
( It’s hot, so I can not eat. )
shinpai-de, nemure-masen.
( I’m worried, so I can not sleep. )

Let’s say it in Japanese !
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Look at the English sentences and try to say them in Japanese. Click “answer” to check the correct sentence and practice with the audio.
It’s not cold today.
It was cold yesterday.
Tokyo metro is convenient.
She is not kind.
I didn’t used to like fish before.
Udon noodle is cheap and delicious.
Okinawa has beautiful and quiet beach.
It’s noisy, so I cannot sleep.
The question is complicated, so I cannot understand.
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