Quiz :
honorific expression 40-1
respect
modest
polite
Please change the word to the honorific expression.
1.
at a hotel
The guests are coming soon.
subject = the guest
I’m coming your room now.
subject = I
The manager is coming your room, Mr.Suzuki.
subject = my boss
2.
Where is our teacher?
subject = teacher
I’m at home now.
subject = I
3.
Please go ahead and have some, if you like.
subject = the guest
I ate dishes cooked by the teacher’s wife.
subject = I
4.
My daughter received a scholarship of 3 million yen from the university.
subject = my family member
5.
Mr.Sato, who moved in the next room recently, gave me a melon.
subject = acquaintance
6.
The director said that this number is correct.
subject = my boss
I am Tanaka. Nice to meet you.
subject = I
7.
The president plays various kinds of sports.
subject = my boss
I’ll check if I locked the door.
subject = I
8.
I’m sorry. Mr.Tanaka is out now. Would you like to wait for him?
subject = business customer
I’m sorry. He ( = my brother ) is out now. Would you like to wait for him?
subject = my brother’s friend
Then, I’ll wait for your replay.
subject = I
9.
on the phone ..
Hello, this is Sato.
Polite Expression
on the elevator …
It’s third floor.
Polite Expression
at the clothes shop …
Do you have this shirts in white?
B : はい、[ ③ あります ]。
Yes, we have.
Polite Expression
“Keigo ( = honorifics)” is used to show respect. It is used for people as below.
・ elder people
・ people with higher social status
・ teachers
・ people you are not very familiar with
・ people you just met
・ people who don’t belong to the speaker’s group
There are mainly 3 kinds of “Keigo”, “respect”, “modest”, and “polite”.
respect
Subject = the person who is respected
The speaker shows respect to the listener or the person who are talked about. You express a feeling that you put someone to higher rank.
special verbs
| いらっしゃいます irasshai-masu | いきます きます います |
| めしあがります meshiagari-masu | たべます のみます |
| ごぞんじです gozonji-desu | しっています |
| ごらんになります goranninari-masu | みます |
| なさいます nasai-masu | します |
| くださいます kudasai-masu | くれます |
kaichō [wa] kaigishitsu [ni] irasshai-masu.
( CEO is at a meeting room. )
sensei [wa] gozonji-desuka?
( Have you heard it, teacher? )
お … になります
at a restaurant to the customer
napukin [o] otsukaini-nari-masuka?
( Would you like to use a napkin? )
nani [o] onomini-nari-masuka?
( What would you like to drink? )
zasshi [o] oyomini-nari-masuka?
( Would you like to read magazines? )
[ NOTE ]
This form cannot be used for verbs in Group 2 with one syllable before ”ます”, and also verbs in Group 3.
e.g. [ います・ねます・みます・します・きます ]
おVerb
Verb (ら) れます
This expression can be used with most verbs. However it express slightly lower level of respect than “お … になります”.
sensei [wa] mō kaerare-mashitaka?
( Has the teacher left already? )
yamada-san [wa] kaigi [ni] sanka sare-masuka?
( Do you attend the meeting, Ms.Yamada? )
Verb (ら)れます
The form is same as Passive Form ( 3-12 ).
modest
Subject = I ( or my group )
The speaker put “myself ( or person who is in my group )” to lower rank, to show respect to the listener or the person who are talked about.
special verb
| まいります mairi-masu | いきます きます |
| おります ori-masu | います |
| いただきます itadaki-masu | たべます のみます もらいます |
| はいけん します haiken shi-masu | みます |
| もうします mōshi-masu | いいます |
| いたします itashi-masu | します |
| うかがいます ukagai-masu | ききます きます いきます |
| ぞんじております zonjite-ori-masu | しっています |
| ぞんじません zonji-masen | しりません |
| おめにかかります omeni-kakari-masu | あいます |
( watashi [wa] ) ashita san-ji [ni] sochira [no] kaisha [ni] ukagai-masu.
( I’m visiting your company at 3:00 tomorrow. )
sasaki [ga] ashita sochira [no] kaisha [ni] ukagai-masu. yoroshiku onegai-itashi-masu.
( Mr.Sasaki ( of our company ) is visiting your company tomorrow. Thank you.
* In Japanese we don’t add the titles, like “-さん” “-さま”, to the people in my group, when we talk to a person of other groups.
omenikakarete, ureshī-desu.
( I’m happy to meet you. )
お(ご) … します
at a hotel to the guest
onimotsu [o] omochi-shi-masu
( I’ll bring your luggage. )
otesudai-shi-masu-node, itsudemo osshatte-kudasai.
( If you need help, please let us know anytime.)
お(ご)Verb
The pattern changes to “ごVerb します” with these verbs.
polite
The speaker shows respect to the listener by using polite expressions.
| Nounでございます -de-gozai-masu | nounです |
| ございます gozai-masu | あります |
on the phone
hai, tanaka-de-gozaimasu.
( Hello, this is Tanaka. )
in the station
tsugi [no] densha [wa] tōkyō-iki-de-gozaimasu.
( The next train is bound for Tokyo. )
at a hotel
haburashi [wa] ari-masuka?
( Do you have a toothbrush? )
B : はい、ございます。
hai, gozaimasu.
( Yes, we have. )
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