Quiz :
reason & purpose 24-1
から・ので
Verbて、
i-Adjくて, na-Adjで
Nounで
Grammar
から・ので
meaning : because, since“から” & “ので” are used when you are giving the reason for something.
つかれたから いえに かえります。
tsukareta-kara ie [ni] kaeri-masu.
つかれたので いえに かえります。
tsukareta-node ie [ni] kaeri-masu.
( I’ll go home because I’m tired. )
tsukareta-kara ie [ni] kaeri-masu.
つかれたので いえに かえります。
tsukareta-node ie [ni] kaeri-masu.
( I’ll go home because I’m tired. )
When you ask something to someone or refuse something, “ので” is used more than “から” because “ので” sounds more gentle.
すみません。あついので まどを あけてくれませんか？
sumimasen. atsui-node mado [o] akete-kuremasenka?
( Excuse me. I’m hot, so would you open the window? )
sumimasen. atsui-node mado [o] akete-kuremasenka?
( Excuse me. I’m hot, so would you open the window? )
ごめんなさい。あしたは よていが あるので いけません。
gomennasai. ashita [wa] yotei [ga] aru-node ike-masen.
( I’m sorry. I have plans, so I can not go tomorrow. )
gomennasai. ashita [wa] yotei [ga] aru-node ike-masen.
( I’m sorry. I have plans, so I can not go tomorrow. )
Plain Form から
Plain Form ので
( na-Adjective だな・Noun だな )
Verb te Form..、…
meaning : because, so …“te Form” also shows the reason.
can not do something
じてんしゃの タイヤが パンク して、のれません。
jitensha [no] taiya [ga] panku shite, nore-masen.
( My bicycle has a flat tire, so I can’t ride. )
jitensha [no] taiya [ga] panku shite, nore-masen.
( My bicycle has a flat tire, so I can’t ride. )
have trouble, feel difficult
みちに まよって、こまっています。
michi [ni] mayotte, komatte-imasu.
( I’m in trouble because I’m lost. )
michi [ni] mayotte, komatte-imasu.
( I’m in trouble because I’m lost. )
have trouble, feel difficult
かんじが よめなくて、たいへんです。
kanji [ga] yomena-kute, taihen-desu.
( I can’t read Kanji, so I feel difficult. )
kanji [ga] yomena-kute, taihen-desu.
( I can’t read Kanji, so I feel difficult. )
physical condition
３じかんも べんきょう して、つかれました。
san-jikan [mo] benkyō shite, tsukare-mashita.
( I’m tired because I’ve been studying for 3 hours. )
san-jikan [mo] benkyō shite, tsukare-mashita.
( I’m tired because I’ve been studying for 3 hours. )
set phrases
ごうかく できて、よかったですね。
gōkaku dekite, yokatta-desu [ne].
( I’m happy to hear you passed the test. )
gōkaku dekite, yokatta-desu [ne].
( I’m happy to hear you passed the test. )
おくれて、すみません。
okurete, sumimasen.
( Sorry, I’m late. )
okurete, sumimasen.
( Sorry, I’m late. )
うちまで おくってくれて、ありがとうございます。
uchi [made] okutte-kurete, arigatō-gozaimasu.
( Thank you for dropping me off at my house. )
uchi [made] okutte-kurete, arigatō-gozaimasu.
( Thank you for dropping me off at my house. )
やくそくを やぶって、ごめんなさい。
yakusoku [o] yabutte, gomennasai.
( I’m sorry I broke a promise. )
yakusoku [o] yabutte, gomennasai.
( I’m sorry I broke a promise. )
Verb te Form
i-Adjective くて・na-Adjective で
meaning : because, so …
かなしくて、ないてしまいました。
kanashi-kute, naite-shimaimashita.
( I cried because I was sad. )
kanashi-kute, naite-shimaimashita.
( I cried because I was sad. )
おもくて、もてません。
omo-kute, mote-masen.
( I can not carry it because it’s heavy. )
omo-kute, mote-masen.
( I can not carry it because it’s heavy. )
おかあさんが げんきで、よかったですね。
okāsan [ga] genki-de, yokatta-desu [ne].
( I’m happy to hear that your mother is fine. )
okāsan [ga] genki-de, yokatta-desu [ne].
( I’m happy to hear that your mother is fine. )
Noun で
meaning : because of Nounゆきで ひこうきが おくれました。
yuki [de] hikōki [ga] okure-mashita.
( My flight was delayed because of snow. )
yuki [de] hikōki [ga] okure-mashita.
( My flight was delayed because of snow. )
かぜで がっこうを やすみました。
kaze-de gakkō [o] yasumi-mashita.
( I was absent from school because I was sick. )
kaze-de gakkō [o] yasumi-mashita.
( I was absent from school because I was sick. )
Let’s say in Japanese !
I’ll study because I have an exam tomorrow.
I feel cold, so would you close the window please?
I’m sorry. My Japanese is not so good.
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