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Table of Contents
- Verb Dictionary-form + まえに
- Noun のまえに
- Verb Ta-form + あと(で)
- Noun のあと(で)
- Verb Te-form + から
☀️ 22. Expressions Related to Time
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Check the brief grammar notes and examples below for your review.

Grammar Note
⚫️ Verb Dictionary-form まえに
meaning : before doing …Verb (1) まえに、Verbます(2)
It means “I do(2) … before I do(1) … “.
neru-mae [ni] ha [o] migaki-masu.
( I brush my teeth before I go to bed. )
Verb Dictionary-form まえに
⚫️ Noun のまえに
meaning : before Nountesuto [no] mae [ni] benkyō shi-mashita.
( I studied before an exam. )
⚫️ Verb Ta-form あと(で)
meaning : after doing …Verb (1) あと(で)、Verbます(2)
It means “I do(2) … after I do(1) … “.
hirugohan [o] tabeta-ato sanpo [ni] iki-mashita.
( I took a walk after I ate lunch. )
“あとで” is also used.
hirugohan [o] tabeta-ato [de] sanpo [ni] iki-mashita.
( I took a walk after I ate lunch.
However, “あとで” can not be used when you talk about the “state” in the sentence that follows “あと”.
ame [ga] futta-ato, sora [ga] totemo kirei-desu.
( After raining, the sky is very beautiful. )
Verb Ta-form あと(で)
⚫️ Noun のあと (で)
meaning : after Nounkyō [wa] shigoto [no] ato [de] kaimono-ni-iki-masu.
( I’m going shopping after work today. )
⚫️ Verb ta Form から
meaning : after doingVerb-て (1) から、Verbます(2)
I do(2) … after I do(1) … You emphasizes that the action of Verb(1) should or must be done first.
It is used in the same meaning as “あと(で)”.
ginkō [ni] yotte-kara, kaisha [e] iki-masu.
( I’ll stop by at a bank, then go to the office. )
shukudai [o] shite-kara, terebi [o] mi-nasai.
( You should do homework before you watch TV. )
Verb Te-form から

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Look at the English sentences and try to say them in Japanese. Click “answer” to check the correct sentence and practice with the audio.
I always drink herbal tea before going to bed.
I’ll go out after cleaning my room.
I study before dinner.
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